Procedural programming

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Languages: C, Pascal, COBOL, ALGOL, BASIC, Fortran, etc.

The basic concept in procedural programming is a function (procedure), which is a sequence of recorded and named actions. For clarity, let's consider a household example. Let's say you bought a computer desk and you need to assemble it. The manufacturer's instructions will be a function.

It is worth noting one important nuance. Procedure and function are synonymous concepts, but functional and procedural programming are not the same thing. In the first case, we are talking about a declarative paradigm, and in the second - about an imperative one.
Let's look at another example. When a person tells the waiter the name of the drink vietnam rcs data he wants to get, he is unlikely to be interested in what the cafe employee will have to do. It is important for him to get a specific result. Approximately the same thing happens when calling a function. The developer does not need to know what the function will do to perform the task. It is only necessary to remember the name of the procedure and the technique for using it.

Object-oriented programming
Languages: Java, Python, C++, Ruby, C#, Objective-C, PHP, etc.

This is the most popular, simple and multifunctional paradigm among modern variants. It introduces objects that can independently perform certain functions.