The following types of covering enamels are distinguished:

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The base enamel ensures equalization of the thermal expansion coefficients between the iron and the top enamel, but it is worth noting that the elastic behavior depends on the elastic modulus, which decreases under the action of bubbles.

The following types of primers are used for application to cast iron products: sintered (fritted) primers (used in wet enameling), fused (in powder enameling) and mixed primers (having transitional bulgaria mobile database between fused and sintered primers).

Topcoat enamel is a silicate layer applied in molten form to primer materials (regular and glass-crystalline enamel) to protect against corrosion and for decorative design of the enamel coating.


1) transparent enamels (used both independently and on top of primer or topcoat enamel to increase corrosion resistance and gloss);
2) white-opaque enamels (translucent and opaque);
3) colored enamels (transparent and opaque);
4) chemically resistant enamels - acid-resistant, resistant to alkalis, resistant to hot water, resistant to atmospheric corrosion;
5) special topcoat enamels - enamels with special properties, matte, wear-resistant, luminescent, reflective, self-cleaning, heat-insulating, decorative and other enamels.
Primerless enamel is a mass applied directly to metals in molten form as a final finish (improved primer, composite topcoat enamel), they combine the functions of primer and topcoat enamels.

Glass-crystalline enamel is a crystalline enamel obtained by a controlled thermal process.

Composite enamel is enamel whose glassy or glass-crystalline matrix contains other, practically insoluble components that impart specific properties to the enamel coating.