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In the first stage the vdv barcode is protected against copying by a dynamic security element. This could be a time stamp that is renewed every few seconds. If the ticket is then copied and sent the dynamic element stops and is no longer updated. Copied tickets are therefore immediately detected by the control system vdv said. Cheng acknowledged the fraud concern. I think fraud is actually a huge concern for a lot of transit operators she said.

Cheng also emphasized the importance of meeting users chile cell phone number list where they are: this next generation pushing us to say digital first … i think in enabling that as a platform for transit is going to be a key part of this adoption curve that were on. Regional factors the panel discussion revealed that digital wallet adoption and usage patterns vary significantly across countries due to a combination of technological cultural and regulatory factors as noted earlier with brazil and qr codes.

Webster and cheng noted that brazil has also recently introduced pix as another form of payment within digital wallets further boosting usage. Germany on the other hand presents a different picture. Zeino-mahmalat explained that germany remains relatively cash-centric with many transit users still preferring paper tickets. He also highlighted how regulatory constraints can impact adoption: in germany the prices for travel public transport are regulated by the state.