The structure of URL formation looks like this

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URL structure


Let's take a closer look at its components:

<protocol>. Defines the method of connection to a particular Internet resource. This can be the most common secure HTTPS protocol today or the unsecured HTTP. Data transfer via FTP connection and other options for connecting to the host are also used;

<login>, <password>. The combination of these two components is used to transmit data required for authorization used by some protocols (for example, FTP);

<host>. In most cases, this is the IP address of pharmaceuticals email list the server where the requested Internet resource is located. The advent of DNS has significantly simplified the system, as it has almost completely eliminated the need to write this part of the IP as numbers - in most cases, it is enough to give the letter address of the site with an indication of its domain zone;

<port>. Necessary to provide a connection between the web resource and the server on which it is located. For example, port 80 is used for HTML;

<path>. Defines access to a file based on a template stored in the computer's file system: the names of folders are indicated in ascending order after a slash ("/"), and the extension of the requested file is written at the very end;

<request parameters>. These are sent to the server's control scripts. In the case of HTML, for example, the sent parameters can be read using the GET method;

<anchor>. Used to point to a specific area of ​​a web page.


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Special characters in URLs
A URL allows the use of the following standard symbols in its structure, each of which carries a specific auxiliary function:

"&" – identifies parameters passed from each other;

"?" – separates a block containing variable parameters in the address bar;

"=" – separates the variable and its current value;

“:” – separates the “body” of the Internet site address from the data transfer protocol it uses;

“#” – highlights individual elements of a web page or resource, helps users quickly navigate to the desired part of the site, and also simplifies the exchange of links to large data;

“@” – displays an authorized user, carries out the exchange of information data when using mailto technology.